Purpose: The article delivers a source-based legal and strategic assessment of the 14 February 2025 drone attack on the Chernobyl NSC, outlining its legal classification, factual reconstruction, comparative context and implications for the future protection of nuclear infrastructure. Design/Methodology/Approach: The study uses primary and secondary sources to conduct a doctrinal legal and comparative analysis of the Chernobyl drone attack, complemented by a security studies perspective that evaluates its motives, consequences and implications for regional and global nuclear security. Findings: The analysis showed that the Chernobyl NSC strike violated international humanitarian law, targeted a non-military facility in a manner aimed at intimidation rather than military gain, caused structural damage without radiological release, and reflected a broader pattern of using nuclear infrastructure for strategic pressure while exposing weaknesses in existing protective mechanisms. Originality/Value: The article provides a source-based, comprehensive assessment of the Chernobyl NSC drone attack as a precedent in targeting nuclear infrastructure during armed conflict. Its value stems from integrating legal analysis, technical reconstruction and comparative context, revealing gaps between existing protective norms and current conflict realities. It also outlines practical implications for regional nuclear security and the need to reinforce international protective mechanisms.

Barbara Wiaderek Et Al (2025). Security of Nuclear Facilities in Armed Conflict – The Chernobyl NPP Drone Attack Case in Light of International Law, European Research Studies Journal Volume XXVIII Issue 4, 1021-1043