The Role of Integral Model of Critical Infrastructure Safety in Industry 4.0
Purpose: This paper aims to create a dedicated tool for managing the level of availability of services delivered by critical infrastructure (CI) facilities, which will affect the Sustainable Development Goals. The paper established a link between sustainability, Industry 4.0, and critical infrastructure. The literature analysis has indicated that the security of Industry 4.0 is discussed almost exclusively in the perspective of cyber security. Design/Methodology/Approach: Verification of the tool was carried out based on simulations and computational experience using data PKN ORLEN Refinery Inc. Findings: As a result of the work carried out, an Integral Model of Critical Infrastructure Safety (IMCIS) was obtained, which allows us to present CI's current characteristics. It was established that the canon of characterization of CI objects consists of a set of resources, a set of functionalities, a set of threats, a set of safeguards, a set of threat dependencies, and a set of dependencies of objects recognized as CI. Practical Implications: A universal application of the IMCIS is to estimate the level of risk before and after implementing safeguards and generating adverse event scenarios. The identified threats are the decision-making areas of the decision problem, whose solution is indicated by a set of safeguards reducing the risk level to an acceptable level. Originality/Value: The solution can be used to identify a set of safeguards that, on the one hand, will reduce the cost of the business operator to a minimum and, on the other hand, achieve the required level of availability of CI functionality. In addition, IMCIS allows analyzing all threats that may affect the infrastructure of Industry 4.0, taking into account many independent decision-making centers.