Employment of Ukrainians and Relationships and Work Quality from the Perspective of Polish and Ukrainian Co-Workers
Purpose: The objective is to define mutual relations and evaluate the work of Ukrainians through the eyes of Poles and their self-assessment in enterprises operating in Poland. Design/Methodology/Approach: A diagnostic survey was the research method used, while a questionnaire was the tool, which was developed in both Polish and Ukrainian languages. The study was conducted using the CAPI and CAWI techniques. Paper-based questionnaires were forwarded directly to the shift managers of enterprises that willingly employ Ukrainians. The survey was conducted in May 2019. In total, 180 questionnaires were collected. Findings: The assessment of work and relationships is somewhat optimistic, but the one conducted by Poles is weaker than the assessment by Ukrainians. The dispute issues still include the development of immigrants in Polish enterprises, work below qualifications possessed, and communication problems. The duality of Poles' opinions is also disturbing. Practical Implications: The paper attempts to indicate solutions and practices in human resource management that will facilitate the socio-economic integration of immigrants, thus contributing to better use of their potential in the work process, which will have a positive impact on labor productivity and economic growth. Originality/Value: The study confronts opinions on work quality, Polish-Ukrainian relations, and problems related to immigrants of Ukrainians working in Poland and Polish employees. The research conducted so far has focused more on the perspective of Ukrainians, and their results may have been overestimated and thus, not entirely credible, as Ukrainian citizens were reluctant to share their fears and dissatisfaction with their work directly. The conclusions presented in the article constitute an essential contribution to the literature not only from the Polish or Ukrainian perspective but also more broadly because similar problems arise in enterprises in other countries that experience significant and rapid immigration.